La Independencia de los EE UU y su influencia en América Latina (1776-1810)/ The American Independence and Latina - America
¿Tuvo
influencias la Guerra de Independencia de EE UU en América
Latina?
Sí, la independencia de las colonias inglesas en
Norteamérica y el nacimiento de los Estados Unidos es uno de los
acontecimientos históricos más importantes del siglo XVIII. Las trece colonias
británicas de América del Norte iniciaron el proceso de emancipación de América
al organizar el primer estado derivado de la colonización europea.
¿Qué
pensamiento político defendían?
La
Declaración de la Independencia, sancionada el 4 de julio de 1776, se
fundamentaba en las nuevas ideas del siglo XVIII, que proclamaban el derecho de
los pueblos a resistir el despotismo y cambiar “sus antiguos sistemas de
gobierno”.
España apoyó a los rebeldes americanos con el objetivo de perjudicar a Gran Bretaña, sin advertir que contribuía a difundir el modelo en sus propias colonias. Esas cosas que ocurren en las estrategias políticas, en todas las épocas. España cometió muchos errores de este estilo.
España apoyó a los rebeldes americanos con el objetivo de perjudicar a Gran Bretaña, sin advertir que contribuía a difundir el modelo en sus propias colonias. Esas cosas que ocurren en las estrategias políticas, en todas las épocas. España cometió muchos errores de este estilo.
¿Fue
importante más allá de América?
La independencia de Estados Unidos se convirtió en un símbolo de la lucha por la libertad de los pueblos y pasó a ser un punto de referencia para movimientos revolucionarios posteriores, entre los que se contó la Revolución francesa: fue Jefferson quien supo apreciar la trascendencia universal que desde sus comienzos había de tener la revolución norteamericana, al ofrecer a la vieja Europa, sometida entonces al despotismo de las monarquías absolutas, el modelo de una nueva sociedad fundada en los principios de la democracia. Sus principios - libertad e igualdad - iluminaron no sólo la patria, sino al resto del mundo.
La independencia de Estados Unidos se convirtió en un símbolo de la lucha por la libertad de los pueblos y pasó a ser un punto de referencia para movimientos revolucionarios posteriores, entre los que se contó la Revolución francesa: fue Jefferson quien supo apreciar la trascendencia universal que desde sus comienzos había de tener la revolución norteamericana, al ofrecer a la vieja Europa, sometida entonces al despotismo de las monarquías absolutas, el modelo de una nueva sociedad fundada en los principios de la democracia. Sus principios - libertad e igualdad - iluminaron no sólo la patria, sino al resto del mundo.
¿Cómo
llegaron estas ideas a los pensadores latinoamericanos?
Por supuesto que existía la censura, el gobierno
español revisaba todos los libros y publicaciones que llegaban a los territorios. Recordemos
que no había Internet, ni correos públicos, ni Fedex!!! De todas maneras la
información llegó, ¡y cómo se difundió! La Iglesia Católica, muy importante en
las colonias españolas, era la encargada de vigilar la moral y la información
que recibían los criollos. Así que, en los conventos e Iglesias, permanecían
los libros que no pasaban la censura y algunas personas podían leerlos allí.
Este es el caso de Hidalgo en México que era un sacerdote y también de Artigas
de la Banda Oriental (Uruguay) que vivió con su tío sacerdote, en un Convento.
¡Es curiosa la forma en que se llega a leer algo!
Así se difundieron las ideas de Locke, de Rousseau
y de Franklin, la constitución de los EEUU y algunos periódicos que casualmente
llegaron unos meses después de editados a estos lejanos lugares.
¿Cómo se
celebra hoy?
Hoy solo es un tema de historia, solo se celebra en
los EEUU, en América Latina cada país tiene su propia fiesta de Independencia y
no se estudia, ni se piensa en los
grandes puntos de encuentro que hemos tenido como americanos en nuestro pasado.
En aquellos tiempos se escuchaba lema: América para los Americanos, con la doctrina Monroe
(1823) todos los países americanos se identificaban como hermanos y la
primera nación independiente del poder europeo, era la hermana mayor.
¡Feliz Día de la Independencia a todos los
estadounidenses y muchas gracias por querer aprender la lengua y la cultura latinoamericana!
Did the U.S. Independence War had any effects on Latin America?
Yes, the independence of the English Colonies in Northern America giving birth to the United States is one of the most important historical events of the XVIII Century. Thirteen British colonies in North America began America’s process of emancipation as they organized the first state derived from European Colonization.
What political ideal did they stand for?
The Declaration of Independence, enacted on the 4th of July of 1776, found ground in the XVIII century’s resonant ideas, which proclaimed people’s right to resist despotism and to change “their old systems of governance”.
Spain supported the U.S. American rebels with the objective of causing detriment to the Great Britain, without noticing that this disseminated the idea within its own colonies. That’s just what happens sometimes with political strategies, in all-times. The Spanish Crown committed many mistakes of the kind.
Was it resonant? Out of the Americas?
The independence of the United States became a symbol of people’s struggles for freedom, emerging as a point of reference of posterior revolutionary movements, such as the French Revolution; it was Jefferson who appreciated the enormous influence that, from the beginning, the Northern America revolution had, as it offered “Old Europe”, subject then to the despotism of its absolute monarchies, the model of a new society, founded in the ideals of democracy.
Those ideals – freedom and equality- lightened up not only its new found homeland, but also the rest of the world.
How did this ideas ever get to the Latin American thinkers?
Of course, censure existed; the Spanish government attempted to revise any book that got into the territory. And let us just remember that there was not any Internet, nor public postal offices, nor Fedex!!! Anyhow the information got through, and oh, did it spread!
The Catholic Church, institution of great influence in the Spanish colonies, was held responsible of the application of moral codes and the control over the information available to the people. Such is the case that the censured books remained locked up at convents and churches, where some people could read them. People like Miguel Hidalgo, in Mexico who formed part of the clergy, and José Artigas in the Eastern Strip (Uruguay) who lived with his uncle, a clergyman, in a convent.
Curious are the ways in which you get to read stuff!
Through people like them found this ideas, so spoken about in the circles of Locke and of Rousseau or Franklin, in the constitution of the U.S.A. and in some newspaper that casually got to these faraway places, just a few months after having been edited.
How is it celebrated today?
As of today, it has become an historical fact, celebrated mostly in the U.S., as the rest of the American countries have their own Independence Day, leaving unstudied, an undiscovered, the great similarities and communions we have experienced before as people of the Americas.
In those days they used to hear the maxim: “America for the Americans”, when with the Monroe Doctrine (1823) the whole of the American countries identified each other as brothers and the first nation to have achieved independence from European power was to be the bigger sister.
Happy Independence Day to all U.S. Americans and thanks for wanting to learn Latin America’s language and culture!
Yes, the independence of the English Colonies in Northern America giving birth to the United States is one of the most important historical events of the XVIII Century. Thirteen British colonies in North America began America’s process of emancipation as they organized the first state derived from European Colonization.
What political ideal did they stand for?
The Declaration of Independence, enacted on the 4th of July of 1776, found ground in the XVIII century’s resonant ideas, which proclaimed people’s right to resist despotism and to change “their old systems of governance”.
Spain supported the U.S. American rebels with the objective of causing detriment to the Great Britain, without noticing that this disseminated the idea within its own colonies. That’s just what happens sometimes with political strategies, in all-times. The Spanish Crown committed many mistakes of the kind.
Was it resonant? Out of the Americas?
The independence of the United States became a symbol of people’s struggles for freedom, emerging as a point of reference of posterior revolutionary movements, such as the French Revolution; it was Jefferson who appreciated the enormous influence that, from the beginning, the Northern America revolution had, as it offered “Old Europe”, subject then to the despotism of its absolute monarchies, the model of a new society, founded in the ideals of democracy.
Those ideals – freedom and equality- lightened up not only its new found homeland, but also the rest of the world.
How did this ideas ever get to the Latin American thinkers?
Of course, censure existed; the Spanish government attempted to revise any book that got into the territory. And let us just remember that there was not any Internet, nor public postal offices, nor Fedex!!! Anyhow the information got through, and oh, did it spread!
The Catholic Church, institution of great influence in the Spanish colonies, was held responsible of the application of moral codes and the control over the information available to the people. Such is the case that the censured books remained locked up at convents and churches, where some people could read them. People like Miguel Hidalgo, in Mexico who formed part of the clergy, and José Artigas in the Eastern Strip (Uruguay) who lived with his uncle, a clergyman, in a convent.
Curious are the ways in which you get to read stuff!
Through people like them found this ideas, so spoken about in the circles of Locke and of Rousseau or Franklin, in the constitution of the U.S.A. and in some newspaper that casually got to these faraway places, just a few months after having been edited.
How is it celebrated today?
As of today, it has become an historical fact, celebrated mostly in the U.S., as the rest of the American countries have their own Independence Day, leaving unstudied, an undiscovered, the great similarities and communions we have experienced before as people of the Americas.
In those days they used to hear the maxim: “America for the Americans”, when with the Monroe Doctrine (1823) the whole of the American countries identified each other as brothers and the first nation to have achieved independence from European power was to be the bigger sister.
Happy Independence Day to all U.S. Americans and thanks for wanting to learn Latin America’s language and culture!
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